oDesk PC Graphics Test 2013
What
is meant by the term fog?
a.
The mixing of an image with a fixed color that thickens as the
image's pixels get further away from the viewpoint.
b.
A special type of channel used in graphics software for saving
selections.
c.
a technique of blending bitmap-based images and text to reduce the
stair-stepping or jagged appearance.
d.
The relationship of an image's width to height or its proportions.
In
a 3-D graphics environment, the process of subdividing a surface into
a mesh of smaller shapes that are easy to analyze is known as:
a.
Anti-aliasing
b.
Tessellation
c.
Blending
d.
Texture mapping
The
serial execution of the processes applied to geometric primitives
(text, lines, polygons, curves, and surfaces) in a graphics package
to produce two-dimensional output is called its:
a.
Execution LIFO stack
b.
Graphical modeling
c.
Transmogrification
d.
Rendering pipeline
What
is meant by the term auto trace?
a.
A part of off-screen memory that holds the distance from the
viewpoint for each pixel, the Z-value.
b.
A programmed function in illustration software that converts raster
graphics into vector graphics whereby paths are created along the
edges of a scanned image.
c.
A process of removing hidden surfaces by sorting polygons in
back-to-front order prior to rendering.
d.
Areas in an image with a blocky or blotchy appearance.
Which
of the following is/are basic phases of creating 3-D computer
graphics?
a.
3-D modeling
b.
3-D rendering
c.
Transmogrification
d.
Computer animation
When
considering illumination from light sources, which of the following
types of light sources has the same intensity in all directions:
a.
Point source
b.
Spot light
c.
Parallel light
d.
Specular
Another
term for the video output device for storing the graphic image as it
is being formed and later used for displaying the image is:
a.
FIFO stack
b.
Frame buffer
c.
Flash drive
d.
L3 cache
Images
based upon geometric elements, such as points, curves, and surfaces,
that follow mathematical equations are called:
a.
Marques
b.
Vectors
c.
Knock-outs
d.
Halftones
A
technique for achieving higher quality in lower-quality images is
called __________. It takes advantage of an optical illusion to
simulate 24-bit quality with 8-bit or 16-bit images:
a.
Dithering
b.
3-D pipeline
c.
Interpolation
d.
Surface removal
Which
of the following file formats are popular vector-graphics formats?
a.
EPS
b.
XLS
c.
SVG
d.
PDF
Which
one of the following graphics standard specifications is the main
competitor to Microsoft's Direct3D (the 3D graphics API within
DirectX)?
a.
OpenGL
b.
PHIGS
c.
X 11
d.
IRIS GL
Select
from the following choices the one that most closely completes the
Shannon sampling theorem: "The ideal samples of a continuous
function contain all the information in the original function if and
only if the continuous function is sampled at a frequency ___________
the highest frequency in the function."
a.
Equal to
b.
Greater than twice
c.
Greater than one-half
d.
Less than one-half
Which
of the following is the most commonly used lighting model?
a.
Xerxes
b.
Z-buffering
c.
Texture mapping
d.
Phong
Which
of the following statements about pixels are true? (Answer all that
apply.)
a.
A pixel has a dimension.
b.
A pixel is a point.
c.
Pixels are visible.
d.
A pixel can have coordinates.
Of
the following, select all of the techniques that could be employed in
anti-aliasing:
a.
Sinc-function filtering
b.
Supersampling
c.
Z-buffering
d.
Flat shading
An
image rendering process that builds images based upon the propagation
of light rays and the effects of absorption, reflection, and
refraction associated with the objects being scanned is termed as:
a.
Ray tracing
b.
Grommets
c.
Spread
d.
Mask
_________
adds appropriately colored pixels to an image to make it seem as
though more colors were present in the original.
a.
Imposition
b.
Logo
c.
Dithering
d.
Over print
What
does the term "flythrough" imply?
a.
A series of mathematical operations that act on output primitives and
geometric attributes to convert them from modeling coordinates to
device coordinates.
b.
A memory buffer used to hold one line of video.
c.
Displayed representation of a scene or an object that appears to have
three axes of reference: height, width, and depth (x, y, and z).
d.
A type of animation in which the camera moves around a scene, rather
than objects moving in front of a stationary camera.
Which
of the following colors belong to the standard four-color subtractive
color model used in color printing or otherwise used to describe the
printing process?
a.
Red
b.
Magenta
c.
Yellow
d.
Green
Which
of the following polygon meshes is most commonly used in mesh
modelling because its input data are more readily acceptable to
modern hardware?
a.
Vertex-vertex mesh
b.
Winged-edge mesh
c.
Vertex-face mesh
d.
Quad-edge mesh
Which
of the following techniques reduces the appearance of jagged edges of
lines and edges in raster graphics?
a.
Warnock space subdivision
b.
Depth sort
c.
Gouraud shading
d.
Anti-aliasing
What
is meant by the term crop?
a.
In proportional spacing, the tightening of space between letters to
create a visually appealing flow to the text.
b.
The analysis of a picture using techniques that can identify shades,
colors, and relationships that cannot be perceived by the human eye.
c.
Changing or improving graphics images, either interactively using a
paint program or by using software routines that alter contrast,
smooth lines, or filter out unwanted data.
d.
Trimming or masking of photos, graphics, drawings, or illustrations.
The
vector-graphics package that was developed by Microsoft is:
a.
Draw
b.
Inkscape
c.
Illustrator
d.
Visio
Which
of the following are common shading models?
a.
Cortez
b.
flat
c.
Gouraud
d.
Phong
The
effect that occurs when an object nearer to the viewport in 3-D space
blocks (masks) another, more distant object from view is called:
a.
Depth
b.
Cueing
c.
Occlusion
d.
Filtering
The
process whereby a specific key color (often blue or green) within an
image is made transparent when that image is mixed with another image
is known as:
a.
Graphic keying
b.
Chroma keying
c.
Shade keying
d.
Scissors keying
Which
of the following best describes the term "vertex-vertex polygon
mesh?"
a.
A process by which color information is interpolated across the face
of the polygon to determine the colors at each pixel.
b.
A method of using two buffers, one for display and the other for
rendering.
c.
The simplest mathematical representation of a mesh, but which is not
widely used due to the lack of explicit face and edge
information.
d.
A method of increasing the quality of a texture map by applying
different-resolution texture maps for different objects in the same
image, depending on their size and depth.
Which
one of the following is a data structure used to organize objects
within a space, which can be used in hidden-surface removal and in
ray tracing?
a.
Patch mesh
b.
Circular buffer
c.
Binary space partitioning (BSP) tree
d.
Hash table
What
is meant by the term projection?
a.
The process of mapping three dimensional images to two dimensions for
display.
b.
An interpolation technique used to remove texture distortion, stair
casing, or jagged edges at the edges of an object.
c.
The part of the graphics engine that draws 3-D primitives, usually
triangles or other simple polygons.
d.
Wrapping a texture image onto an object to create a realistic
representation of the object in 3D space.
Which
one of the following formats would provide the least amount of
pixelation when its dimensions are scaled (magnified) in size?
a.
JPEG
b.
TIFF
c.
PNG
d.
EPS
What
does the term "jaggies" imply?
a.
Image that continues from one page of a publication across the gutter
or spine to the facing page.
b.
The stair-step effect seen along curves and edges in text or
bit-mapped graphics.
c.
In halftone screens, a measurement of resolution or detail.
d.
A photographic proof made from assembled (stripped) negatives.
What
is meant by the term rigging?
a.
A combination of colors that appear to have a stronger impact and
highly visible look.
b.
The area of the graphics memory used to store the Z or depth
information about rendered objects.
c.
The process of linking a 3-D object, such as modeling a character, to
its bone structure (skeletal animation).
d.
The process of applying a texture to the surface of 3-D models to
simulate walls, sky, etc.
What
does the term "depth sort" imply?
a.
To convert an image or signal into digital code by scanning, tracing
on a graphics tablet, or using an analog to digital conversion
device.
b.
An algorithm for creating a hidden-line drawing of polygon data sets
by drawing the polygons from the most distant to the closest, in
order.
c.
The simulation of a continuous-tone image (shaded drawing,
photograph) with dots.
d.
In computer graphics, a particular shade or tint of a given color.
Which
of the following rotation techniques gives the best results?
a.
Euler angles
b.
Axis-angle
c.
3 by 3 matrix
d.
Quaternions
The
process of using an image described in a vector-graphics format and
converting it into a bitmapped image as output on a display or
printer, or as storage in a bitmapped file is known as
a.
Pixelation
b.
Rasterization
c.
Transmogrification
d.
Animation
Which
one of the color parameters measures how far away the color is from
gray?
a.
Hue
b.
Saturation
c.
Brightness
d.
Gamut
A
process in 2-D computer graphics whereby a closed vector path is used
to mask (block) parts of an image is known as:
a.
Double path
b.
Palletized path
c.
Keying path
d.
Clipping path
Which
of the following is/are typical steps in a graphical pipeline that
converts three-dimensional objects for two-dimensional display or
printing?
a.
Hidden line/hidden surface removal (HLHSR)
b.
Rasterization
c.
Viewport mapping and clipping
d.
Writing to the framebuffer
What
is meant by the term gradient?
a.
A binary representation in which a bit or set of bits corresponds to
some part of an object such as an image or font.
b.
In computer graphics, a curve that is generated using a mathematical
formula which assures continuity with other b-splines.
c.
A color (or grayscale) fill that gradually blends from one color to
another, perhaps from light to dark, for example.
d.
In computer graphics, a technique for simulating rough textures by
creating irregularities in shading.
In
computer graphics, when a line or object is moved where one end or
point stays fixed in position is termed as:
a.
Perfect banding
b.
Rubber banding
c.
Print banding
d.
Saddle banding
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